You may be familiar with Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner’s book “Freakonomis” – a collection of curious and entertaining case studies from the world of behavioural economics with subjects ranging from sumo wrestlers to drug dealers. In the introduction to the (less entertaining, less well researched) sequel “Superfreakonomics”, Dubner and Levitt reveal the unifying theme of their work: people respond to incentives.
Read more at ORGZine.
Author Archives: elmyra
VS Naipaul – firm grasp, wrong end of stick
It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. And after today, it must surely be a truth universally acknowledged that V. S. Naipaul has never read Jane Austen.
Before I go any further, I shall put my hands up and admit that I have never read any of Mr. Naipaul’s fiction either – so the below is purely based on his comments at the Royal Geographical Society.
He said of Jane Austen that he
couldn’t possibly share her sentimental ambitions, her sentimental sense of the world.
Now, anyone who has read Jane Austen and engaged with the text for about 30 seconds would struggle to call her work sentimental. I often joke that Austen gets her own special exception to the Bechdel Test. While she has plenty of female characters and they do often talk to each other, they rarely talk about topics other than men. And yet, every time a female Austen character discusses men, she is actually commenting on the social and economic conditions of her time. There is nothing at all sentimental about being one of five daughters who will be left penniless after their father’s death, and for whom therefore securing an advantageous marriage is a matter of survival. Mr. Naipaul’s understanding of both Austen and the world in general seems incredibly limited if he cannot get his head around this.
Of women writers in general, V.S. Naipaul says
Women writers are different, they are quite different. I read a piece of writing and within a paragraph or two I know whether it is by a woman or not. I think [it is] unequal to me.
He puts this down to their “sentimentality, the narrow view of the world”.
And inevitably for a woman, she is not a complete master of a house, so that comes over in her writing too.
My publisher, who was so good as a taster and editor, when she became a writer, lo and behold, it was all this feminine tosh. I don’t mean this in any unkind way.
I especially love that final disclaimer – almost like he realises he’s been caught with his hand in the cookie jar but can’t quite work out why this is a bad thing. Then again, “unkind” is perhaps too mild a word to apply to Mr. Naipaul’s comments. With a few words, he invalidates the experiences of half the human race, makes it clear that he finds nothing of value in those experiences or in women’s attempts to express them.
I guess that’s his prerogative – just as it is mine to think that V.S. Naipaul has failed to meaningfully engage with the world around him. So I for one shan’t be engaging with his work.
Confessions
I’ve a confession to make: I am a bigot. Here are just some of the ways in which I am bigoted.
I’m a racist. The latest example of my racism is from this morning. I caught a snippet of news on Sky about the shooting in Milton Keynes and the first thought in my head was “I wonder what colour the victim and perpetrator were.” In my head, that information would have put the shooting into one of a number of available pigeon holes.
I also have the tendency to assume that all Muslims are homophobes, and that Muslim men with beards are extremists.
Sometimes I think very Tory thoughts (and yes, I’m bigoted about Tories too) about the disabled – especially when I meet disabled people I work with. Then I think “Why can’t all people who have this particular disability also work?”
I am incredibly bigoted about class and especially education. I find it difficult to engage with people who do not come from the same privileged background as me.
Religion is another one of those things I’m bigoted about. In my head religious people are all alike, and that generally means all like the most exasperating examples of religious people I’ve come across (think the rapture people).
And these are just the bigoted thoughts I catch myself thinking. There are probably countless other small things I think and do in my life that reflect prejudice and stereotypes living in my head.
Most of the time though, my brain does a double-take after that initial impulse and goes “What the fuck – that’s racist/sexist/etc.” And sometimes I’m lucky enough to meet someone who will gently challenge my prejudice – sometimes just by being the person they are, sometimes by calling me out on bullshit. Occasionally, I’m challenged quite rudely – and that’s great too.
I suspect deep down inside we all have our little bigotries. And I think it’s incredibly important that we recognise them, acknowledge them, and then try to do something about them. So, what’s your pet prejudice?
[Elsewhere] A law unto itself
You know that the judiciary is terrified of something related to technology when the Lord Chief Justice starts comparing it to the child pornography, as was the case late last week with the spreading of celebrity gossip on Twitter. Lord Judge was so unimpressed with Twitter users breaching a superinjunction that he called for technical measures similar to those designed to curb the distribution of child pornography to be put in place against the social networking site.
Read more at ORGZine.
Where is my bloody jetpack? (… in which I petulantly throw my toys out of the pram)
Reality check: We live in the 21st century. I can go to a shop and a robot will sell me a device that reads shiny disks and produces moving images. Right now, there are people in space. My handbag is home to about a grand’s worth of tech, including two or three relatively small devices which will let me communicate with anyone in the world as long as they too have one of those or a similar device. Over the last 50 years, while world population has doubled, world GDP per capita has risen from just under $500 to over $8000. For fuck’s sake, humanity has even managed to get its act together sufficiently to stop the ozone hole from expanding further and to hopefully start closing it soon! We as a species can be incredibly clever at times, so why are we so incredibly backward most of the time?
Imagine what we could do with the science, technology and resources at our disposal! We could feed the world. We could work out how to live sustainably on this planet. We might even be able to live in peace. Forget the jet packs – we might be able to learn to respect other human beings and our environment in general.
So why is it that a decade into the 21st century, on every single front we are having to fight people who want to drag us back into the 17th, or 18th or 19th century?
Case in point… intellectual property and copyright: Our current system of intellectual property and copyright dates back to the 17th century. It was, at the time, designed to encourage creativity – to ensure that creators get compensated for their work while others can still build on that work. Because let’s face it, no one in the history of humanity has ever sat in a dark room by themselves and invented anything from scratch. If Newton was standing on the shoulders of giants, where exactly do you think are we? Yet over the last few decades, the balance of copyright law has tipped further and further in one direction, to the point where we now can not only not build on our own culture, but the culture of the generation before us and the one before that is out of bounds. A select few people and corporations (very few of them actually directly involved in creating things) have done extremely well out of this arrangement. And now that technology has finally put an end to their monopoly – where previously distribution media were limiting and content could be made scarce we now have a situation of zero marginal cost and abundance – they are fighting kicking and screaming to restrict what the rest of us can do, to limit the technology and to reverse progress. Back to the 17th century it is.
Case in point… women in society: Hey, maybe I should be grateful that these days I’m recognised as a human being! And in all fairness, we as a society have made a lot of progress on the status of women. Women have the vote, and can work outside the home, trying to carve out some sort of financial independence for themselves, to contribute to society by more than just giving birth, trying to live autonomous, fulfilling lives. But women still get paid less than man for the same job, women are still attacked violently just because they are women, their contributions constantly dismissed and invalidated, their desire for self-determination constantly endangered. Last week an MP implied that children were responsible for preventing and ending abuse, and an MEP flat out said that women were to blame if they were raped. This week we hear that the sexual health and education of our children is going to be shaped by an organisation with a medieval view on sex. The best we can hope for from this government is to only regress back as far as the 1950s. “Honey, I’m home” and all that.
Why are these people so utterly terrified of the future? I don’t know what the future holds, but I can make some educated guesses on what we’re capable of and that gives me reason to hope. I don’t want to go back to the past: for a start it smelled. Why are these people keeping my jet pack from me?
Time to stand our ground
So far this week:
- Half the world has gone into collective denial with regards to attempted rape allegations against former IMF chief Dominique Strauss-Kahn.
- Nadine Dorries MP has claimed that teaching girls to say no will prevent child sexual abuse.
- The Justice Secretary had to apologise after he displayed a spectacular level of ignorance and insensitivity on the subject of rape, as well as the legislation surrounding it.
- The Lord Chief Justice stated that spreading rumours about celebrities on the Internet was comparable to distributing child pornography.
- And to top it all off, Roger Helmer MEP thinks that some rape victims are to blame.
And the week isn’t even over yet. Is there something in the water in London, Paris and Brussels?
I’d had enough after Dorries, nevermind the other three. I have very little energy left to actually argue with these people. I will keep doing so, keep calling them out on it, but I want to do more.
Every time I write about violence against women – whether it’s to tell my own story or to challenge the monumental ignorance and cruelty displayed by people like Nadine Dorries and others – I get one response consistently: every single time, a few more women get in touch – privately or publicly – to share their own stories of sexual violence, rape, domestic abuse.
If you’ve been reading my blog over the last year or so, you’ll know the stats:
- 45% of women suffer sexual assault, domestic violence or stalking.
- One in four women is raped – that’s 200 every single day.
- 21% of girls are sexually abused.
- 2 women a week in England and Wales are killed by a partner or ex-partner.
The stats are clearly not enough. Somehow, our politicians and judges still seem to find it acceptable to trivialise this kind of violence and to blame the victims. We need to do more to help these people understand the extent of the issue and its impact on women and society in general.
So I have spent my weekend with two friends, working on a way to give women who have suffered this kind of violence a voice; a place to speak out safely about what happened to them, to tell their story, to make others aware and help them understand. As I am writing this, Gemma is sitting next to me, coding the alpha version of the site.
We will go public very soon, and we want your contribution. If you have a story to tell – safely, anonymously – then please get in touch with me. I know it’s an incredibly brave and difficult thing I am asking of you; but if we do not speak up, the victim-blaming and trivialisation, and ultimately the violence, will never stop. It’s time to stand our ground. Stand with me.
Open letter to Nadine Dorries
Dear Nadine Dorries,
I had an epiphany last year. After fifteen years of self-hate, guilt and shame, something in my brain finally switched and I realised that I was not to blame for what was done to me by an uncle when I was a teenager. Imagine for a moment fifteen years of living with the thought that something you did or didn’t do caused the horrific abuse you had to endure. Did you dress wrong? Did you say something wrong? Should you have said “no” more forcefully, perhaps slapped him or kicked him? What should you have done differently so that this person whom you had trusted almost like a parent for all your life up to that point didn’t commit this horrendous crime against you? You’ve read all the literature, you’ve been told to just say no, you were old enough to look after yourself, so why didn’t you?
Fifteen years. For the first five I didn’t tell anyone. When I eventually did speak up, the only expectation I had of people around me was to ask me why I had let it happen; to challenge me and tell me that clearly I didn’t find the right way of saying no, or else it wouldn’t have happened; to tell me I must have wanted it in some way, brought it on myself. Mercifully, my friends are better people than you.
To this day, the abuse I suffered is affecting my relationships – with my family, with my partner, with others. It left me damaged, with a view of human relationships and intimacy that is warped, unhealthy, hurtful to me and those around me. I still get flashbacks. Pianos, random gestures, words, the way someone approaches me – all of these can trigger them. Even last year, when I first considered telling my parents about this, I had to sit down and mentally go through all the possible ways in which they could react – and make my peace with the possibility that they might not believe me, might blame me. Mercifully, my parents are better people than you.
One in every six children is sexually abused. My heart aches for every single one of them – boy or girl – and for every woman or man who has been through this horror, and who had to read or hear your comments.
If young girls were taught abstinence, there would be less sex abuse.
Ultimately, even if we’ve been fortunate enough to have epiphanies, most of us still walk around with a tiny bit of our brain constantly telling us that it was all our fault. We have good days and bad days. Some of the worst are the days when our elected representatives stand up, point the finger and say, in as many words, “It was all your fault”; or, for the boys and men who have survived abuse, when said elected representatives refuse to even acknowledge your experience.
There is enough victim-blaming going on in our society, without prominent politicians such as yourself having to reinforce it. Victims of sexual violence and rape who speak out – from those who accuse people like Dominique Strauss-Kahn or Julian Assange, to those who speak out against abuses they suffered at the hands of Catholic priests, and those abused by family members, friends or strangers – are constantly questioned, smeared, intimidated. Most do not come forward, precisely because they fear this kind of treatment. You have just given your stamp of approval to this attitude.
Not only will your proposed abstinence education for girls not decrease child sexual abuse; your victim-blaming comments are likely to lead to less abuse being reported and stopped. More children will suffer in silence, wondering what they are doing wrong. More survivors will be traumatised by having that nagging suspicion that they are to blame confirmed by people in power who are supposed to act as role models and opinion leaders. Boys and adult male survivors in particular will continue to suffer because their experiences are not addressed, not even acknowledged.
You have done a lot of damage, Ms. Dorries. And yet it is not too late to remedy at least some of it. You should stand up and apologise for your comments, publicly, sincerely. You should make it clear that you do not believe that children are to blame for being abused, that you do not believe it is children’s responsibility to prevent or stop sexual abuse. You should make it clear that you believe that the only person at fault in a sexual attack – regardless of whether it’s against a child, an adult, a man or a woman – is the attacker, and that any measures to prevent or stop such attacks should be focused on perpetrators, not victims.
Only if our political and cultural elites – which you belong to, Ms. Dorries – present a united front against child sexual abuse will we have the slightest hope of tackling the issue. Your victim blaming is not helping, and those of us who have been victims, as well as those of us who care about the welfare of our children will thank you for not causing any further damage on this front.
Sincerely yours,
Milena Popova
You can contact Nadine Dorries at
dorriesn@parliament.uk
or
Nadine Dorries MP
House of Commons
London
SW1A 0AA
Divide and conquer
Congratulations! Disability has just become a “lifestyle choice”.
We saw it coming, with the government’s aggressive briefing on “benefits as a lifestyle”, but with the Department for Work and Pensions today releasing figures showing that 80,000 people claim Incapacity Benefit because they are addicted to drugs or alcohol, or obese, it is now official – we have “good disability” and “bad disability”. (Hey, that sounds familiar!)
Gay rights campaigners, particularly those following gay rights issues in the US, will be familiar with the rhetoric. The implication is that if being gay – or having an addiction – is a choice that you made, that should not be the state’s business and you do not deserve any support, regardless of whether it’s Incapacity Benefit or equal marriage rights. And no, Chris Grayling hasn’t come out and said in as many words that addiction or obesity is a choice, but the implication is very much there. Why else single out those groups and release the numbers, if not for the rabid coverage you’ll get from the Telegraph and the Mail?
Let’s take this logic a little further then. Who’s next on the DWP’s hitlist? Cervical cancer sufferers? It’s linked to HPV which is sexually transmitted – perhaps they should have remained pure and virginal. People with mental health conditions? After all, if the expectation is that you bootstrap yourself out of addiction or obesity (“Just pull yourself together!”), why not out of depression? Or perhaps the DWP’s approach will spill over into Andrew Lansley’s territory – maybe next we’ll classify treatment for addictions in the same category as cosmetic surgery. It’s a lifestyle choice, isn’t it?
Nevermind the fact that scientists are beginning to hunt around for other causes of our obesity epidemic than the simple “moral failure” story we keep being fed, or the biology of addiction – 40-60% of what makes us susceptible to addiction are our genes.
It’s a lifestyle choice. So, do you have a good disability or a bad disability? Ultimately, though, this divide and conquer approach only works if we let ourselves be divided. I for one don’t buy the rhetoric. Do you?
[Elsewhere] Education, education, education
In an attempt to take education back to the 19th century enhance discipline in schools, Education Secretary Michael Gove is proposing a variety of new measures and powers for teachers, including the power to confiscate pupils’ mobile phones, search for objectionable content on them and erase it. This is the latest in a series of education policies designed to make today’s children as ill-prepared for the future as possible. Other proposals include the move to “fact-based teaching” and the rewriting of history to fit into a particular, ideologically sound world view.
Read more at ORGZine.
Can I have my “good immigrant” sash now, please?
I woke up this morning to find I had been branded “good immigration” by the government. What a relief.
In his speech to Conservative Party members today, the Prime Minister said he believed politicians’ role should be to “cut through the extremes of [the immigration] debate and approach the subject sensibly and reasonably.” He wanted, he said, “good immigration, not mass immigration”. He even went so far as to acknowledge that immigrants made a huge contribution to Britain. I should be happy, right?
Not so much. Cameron wants us to believe that he has a holistic, joined-up policy on immigration, but his rhetoric on the subject is as disjointed, confused and pandering to the lowest common xenophobic denominator as the next guy’s.
One often-brandished key word in what passes for a debate on immigration is “integration”; and the favourite way of measuring “integration” is whether/how well someone speaks English. In the Prime Minister’s own words,
when there have been significant numbers of new people arriving in neighbourhoods, perhaps not able to speak the same language as those living there, on occasions not really wanting or even willing to integrate, that has created a kind of discomfort and disjointedness in some neighbourhoods.
And yet, this government which claims to be so keen on us immigrants learning English is cutting crucial funding for ESL classes, meaning many immigrants will no longer be able to to afford to learn the language.
This same government, which has a stated ambition of being the most family-friendly government in UK history, is now proposing to clamp down on the family immigration route. If you are under 21, you will not be able to join your spouse in the UK; if your spouse is an undergraduate student, you won’t be able to join them; if your English is judged to not be satisfactory, tough luck – you’re staying at home, and nevermind the fact that you’d learn it so much faster if you were in this country! One can’t help but wonder if that last restriction will apply to the spouses of people coming in on the new entrepreneur visa – essentially a “buy yourself into Britain” scheme. It seems the government gets to pick and choose which families it wants to be friendly to.
The section on permanent settlement is particularly… unsettling. Having harped on about how we should all integrate or else, Cameron suddenly turns around and says that “it cannot be right that people coming to fill short-term skill gaps can stay long-term”. Combined with the stated aim to “select and attract the world’s brightest to our shores”, this should give you a good idea of how the Conservative party regards immigrants: not as human beings with emotions, lives, attachments to people and places, but as spare parts who can be shipped in and out of the country as and when the “market” sees fit. Huge contribution or not, we’ve been put on notice – we can be kicked out any time our skills are no longer deemed sufficiently rare or useful. Does this give immigrants an incentive to integrate; to form relationships and contribute to British society? Hardly, if next time your visa comes up for renewal you may be told to leave all that behind you.
The coup de grĂ¢ce of the speech, however, is the assertion that
immigration and welfare reform are two sides of the same coin. Put simply, we will never control immigration properly unless we tackle welfare dependency.
And there we have it, the two mortal enemies of the Daily Mail reader – filthy foreigners and benefits scroungers – inextricably linked for all to see. Only a Conservative government can rid us of both.
How is an immigrant – “good” or otherwise – supposed to feel about this speech? Happy that our contribution to British society has been at least acknowledged, however briefly and fleetingly? Motivated to continue contributing, to “integrate”? Perhaps Mr. Cameron secretly hopes that none of us speak English well enough to understand what he said.
If the Conservative Party really finds us so loathsome, I would like their leader to come out and say it. If, however, the contribution immigrants make to this country on a daily basis is truly valued as Mr. Cameron claims, and if “integration” is truly desired, then I have a few suggestions for the government:
- Cut the anti-immigrant rhetoric. You dedicated ten lines out of a seven-page speech to our contribution, and the rest of it to how to keep others like us out and ship some of those of us already here off this island again. Either I am valued or I am not. This tells me I am not.
- Bite the bullet and educate the public. Stop pandering to the lowest common denominator – that is easy. Challenging prejudice, taking the time to explain what immigrants do, how they contribute and why immigration is important to this country is hard. But in the long run it might lead to the kind of social cohesiveness you claim to value.
- It is easy to say immigrants should integrate. Some of us find this easier than others. Reaching out a helping hand, being proactively inclusive, can only make this process of integration easier for everyone involved. That includes funding ESL tuition, but there are also other things you can do. Mr. Cameron is apparently fond of street parties. Maybe we can have some street parties to celebrate immigrants’ contribution to the UK and get to know our immigrant neighbours? Go on, I’ll even make baklava!
- Finally, how about creating a vision of a Britain that immigrants find inspirational and want to contribute to and be integrated in? A Britain that is open, tolerant, and inclusive? Maybe one day, I guess.